King of Wales from 1246, he was the grandson of Llewellyn I. He united Wales by 1250. He was an ally of Simon de Montfort the younger. Llewellyn used the weak rule of Henry III to his advantage, supporting the rebel barons led by de Montfort and later even Gloucester’s revolt in 1267.
In 1270 he invaded Glamorgan but Edward I was determined that he would crush Llewellyn once and for all, he led an army to take back Shropshire in 1276 and pinned Llewellyn back into Snowdonia. Llewellyn at first succeeded at harassing Edwards armies but the size of the army and Edwards use of fortifications soon narrowed Llewellyn’s options.
He managed to breakout into South Wales but was forced into a battle with Edwards large army at Radnor where he was outmanoeuvred. He was killed during this battle in 1282.
Research Sources
- The Hutchinson Softback Encyclopaedia
- The Hutchinson Dictionary of Ancient and Medieval Warfare
- British History – A Chronological Dictionary of Dates – Rodney Castleden
- Wales in History – Book II 1066 – 1485 – The Defenders – David Fraser
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